Anatomy glossary

Every labelled structure with its Terminologia Anatomica term and what it does.

62 labelled structures

A

ApexApex cordis
The pointed tip, angled left心脏
ApexApex pulmonis
The top, above the first rib

B

BrainstemTruncus encephali
Breathing & heart rate大脑

C

CaecumCaecum
Where the large intestine begins
Central SulcusSulcus centralis
Divides motor from sensory cortex大脑

F

Falciform LigamentLigamentum falciforme
Anchors the liver to the abdominal wall肝脏

G

Gallbladder BedFossa vesicae biliaris
Where bile is stored against the liver肝脏

H

Hepatic ArteryArteria hepatica propria
Brings oxygenated blood肝脏
HilumHilum pulmonis
Where vessels and bronchi enter

I

IleumIleum
Final absorption of nutrients
Islets of LangerhansInsulae pancreaticae
Release insulin and glucagon胰腺

L

Left Coronary ArteryArteria coronaria sinistra
Feeds the heart muscle itself心脏
LensLens
Focuses light onto the retina

M

MesenteryMesenterium
Suspends the gut and carries its vessels

N

NeckCollum pancreatis
The narrow join between head and body胰腺

O

Oblique FissureFissura obliqua
The groove between lobes
Occipital LobeLobus occipitalis
Vision大脑

P

Pulmonary TrunkTruncus pulmonalis
Carries blood to the lungs心脏

R

RectumRectum
Holds waste before it leaves
Renal ArteryArteria renalis
Delivers blood to be filtered肾脏
Renal HilumHilum renale
The gateway for vessels and ureter肾脏
Renal PelvisPelvis renalis
Funnels urine into the ureter肾脏
RetinaRetina
Turns light into nerve signals

S

ScleraSclera
The tough white outer coat
Superior Vena CavaVena cava superior
Returns blood from above the heart心脏
Sweat GlandGlandula sudorifera
Cools the body by evaporation皮肤

T

Tactile CorpuscleCorpusculum tactus
Senses light touch皮肤

主动脉Aorta
最主要的动脉心脏

二尖瓣Valva atrioventricularis sinistra
防止血液回流心脏

十二指肠Duodenum
小肠的第一段

右叶Lobus hepatis dexter
最大的肝叶肝脏
右心室Ventriculus dexter
向肺泵血心脏
右心房Atrium dextrum
接收静脉血心脏
右肺Pulmo dexter
分为三叶

小脑Cerebellum
平衡与协调大脑

左叶Lobus hepatis sinister
跨过中线肝脏
左心室Ventriculus sinister
向全身泵血心脏
左心房Atrium sinistrum
接收含氧血心脏
左肺Pulmo sinister
分为两叶,为心脏让位

支气管Bronchus principalis
分支的气道

毛囊Folliculus pili
固定每一根毛发皮肤

气管Trachea
把空气送入肺内

皮下组织Tela subcutanea
脂肪与保温皮肤

真皮Dermis
神经、血管与腺体皮肤

视神经Nervus opticus
传递视觉信号

空肠Jejunum
主要吸收区域

结肠Colon
回收水分

肺底Basis pulmonis
位于膈之上

肾皮质Cortex renalis
外层过滤区肾脏
肾髓质Medulla renalis
浓缩尿液肾脏

胰体Corpus pancreatis
横跨脊柱胰腺
胰头Caput pancreatis
被十二指肠环抱胰腺
胰尾Cauda pancreatis
伸向脾脏胰腺
胰管Ductus pancreaticus
把消化酶送入肠道胰腺

虹膜Iris
调节进光量

表皮Epidermis
最外层的保护层皮肤

角膜Cornea
透明的聚焦面

输尿管Ureter
输送尿液肾脏

门静脉Vena portae hepatis
富含养分的入肝血流肝脏

顶叶Lobus parietalis
感觉整合大脑

额叶Lobus frontalis
计划与运动大脑

颞叶Lobus temporalis
记忆与听觉大脑

Reviewed 2026-08-18 · Structure names follow Terminologia Anatomica (TA2).