Anatomy glossary

Every labelled structure with its Terminologia Anatomica term and what it does.

62 labelled structures

A

AortaAorta: Main arteryHeart
ApexApex cordis: The pointed tip, angled leftHeart
ApexApex pulmonis: The top, above the first ribLungs

B

BodyCorpus pancreatis: Crosses the spinePancreas
BrainstemTruncus encephali: Breathing & heart rateBrain
BronchusBronchus principalis: Branching airwayLungs

C

CaecumCaecum: Where the large intestine beginsIntestine
Central SulcusSulcus centralis: Divides motor from sensory cortexBrain
CerebellumCerebellum: Balance & coordinationBrain
ColonColon: Reclaims waterIntestine
CorneaCornea: Clear focusing surfaceEye

D

DermisDermis: Nerves, vessels & glandsSkin
DuodenumDuodenum: First small-intestine segmentIntestine

E

EpidermisEpidermis: Outer protective layerSkin

F

Falciform LigamentLigamentum falciforme: Anchors the liver to the abdominal wallLiver
Frontal LobeLobus frontalis: Planning & movementBrain

G

Gallbladder BedFossa vesicae biliaris: Where bile is stored against the liverLiver

H

Hair FollicleFolliculus pili: Anchors each hairSkin
HeadCaput pancreatis: Cradled by the duodenumPancreas
Hepatic ArteryArteria hepatica propria: Brings oxygenated bloodLiver
HilumHilum pulmonis: Where vessels and bronchi enterLungs
HypodermisTela subcutanea: Fat and insulationSkin

I

IleumIleum: Final absorption of nutrientsIntestine
IrisIris: Controls light entryEye
Islets of LangerhansInsulae pancreaticae: Release insulin and glucagonPancreas

J

JejunumJejunum: Major absorption regionIntestine

L

Left AtriumAtrium sinistrum: Receives oxygenated bloodHeart
Left Coronary ArteryArteria coronaria sinistra: Feeds the heart muscle itselfHeart
Left LobeLobus hepatis sinister: Crosses the midlineLiver
Left LungPulmo sinister: Two lobes, room for the heartLungs
Left VentricleVentriculus sinister: Pumps to the bodyHeart
LensLens: Focuses light onto the retinaEye
Lung BaseBasis pulmonis: Rests on the diaphragmLungs

M

MesenteryMesenterium: Suspends the gut and carries its vesselsIntestine
Mitral ValveValva atrioventricularis sinistra: Prevents backflowHeart

N

NeckCollum pancreatis: The narrow join between head and bodyPancreas

O

Oblique FissureFissura obliqua: The groove between lobesLungs
Occipital LobeLobus occipitalis: VisionBrain
Optic NerveNervus opticus: Carries visual signalsEye

P

Pancreatic DuctDuctus pancreaticus: Drains enzymes to the gutPancreas
Parietal LobeLobus parietalis: Sensory integrationBrain
Portal VeinVena portae hepatis: Nutrient-rich inflowLiver
Pulmonary TrunkTruncus pulmonalis: Carries blood to the lungsHeart

R

RectumRectum: Holds waste before it leavesIntestine
Renal ArteryArteria renalis: Delivers blood to be filteredKidneys
Renal CortexCortex renalis: Outer filtering layerKidneys
Renal HilumHilum renale: The gateway for vessels and ureterKidneys
Renal MedullaMedulla renalis: Concentrates urineKidneys
Renal PelvisPelvis renalis: Funnels urine into the ureterKidneys
RetinaRetina: Turns light into nerve signalsEye
Right AtriumAtrium dextrum: Receives venous bloodHeart
Right LobeLobus hepatis dexter: Largest hepatic lobeLiver
Right LungPulmo dexter: Three lobesLungs
Right VentricleVentriculus dexter: Pumps to the lungsHeart

S

ScleraSclera: The tough white outer coatEye
Superior Vena CavaVena cava superior: Returns blood from above the heartHeart
Sweat GlandGlandula sudorifera: Cools the body by evaporationSkin

T

Tactile CorpuscleCorpusculum tactus: Senses light touchSkin
TailCauda pancreatis: Reaches the spleenPancreas
Temporal LobeLobus temporalis: Memory & hearingBrain
TracheaTrachea: Carries air to the lungsLungs

U

UreterUreter: Carries urineKidneys

Reviewed 2026-08-18 · Structure names follow Terminologia Anatomica (TA2).